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| <P>1. Selected diesel generator performance and quality must meet the standards </P> <P>Diesel generators are widely used in telecommunications, finance departments, hospitals, schools, business and other departments, industrial and mining enterprises and residential emergency standby power, military and field operations, special purpose vehicles and ships, and other independent power supply. </P> <P>Diesel generator sets as a communication, must meet GB2820-1997 in the G3 or G4 grade level requirements, while and "communications quality diesel generator sets certification testing implementation details into the net" provisions of the 24 performance requirements, through established by the competent department of China's Communication Power Supply Equipment Quality Supervision and Inspection Center of the strict test. </P> <P>Diesel generator for military communications group, to achieve the GB2820-1997, GJB relevant departments to develop relevant standards and force the "communication power supply quality testing" provision, and to the relevant organization departments of the equipment through strict quality tests. </P> <P>2. The choice of diesel generator sets should be considered a major factor </P> <P>The choice of unit main factors should be considered mechanical and electrical performance, the unit uses, load capacity and range, automated functions. <BR>(1) Unit uses. As commonly used diesel generators for standby and emergency situations, etc. Thus, different uses of the requirements of diesel generators to be different. <BR>(2) load capacity. Should be selected according to different uses load capacity and load range, determine the stand-alone diesel generator set machine capacity and backup diesel generator capacity. <BR>(3) Unit of the use of environmental conditions (mainly refers to the altitude and climatic conditions) <BR>(4) the choice of diesel generator (5) the choice of the generator and excitation mode (6) diesel generator automation option two, the optional standard diesel generator </P> <P>Communication with the diesel generator into the network quality certification testing implementation details>> specified performance requirements of 24: </P> <P>1. Appearance requirements (1) diesel generator set limits, mounting and connection dimensions are in line with prescribed procedures approved factory goods pattern (2) Unit should be firmly welded, the weld should be uniform, no welded through, undercut, clip slag and porosity and other defects, welding slag welding flux should be cleaned; film should be uniform, no obvious cracks and fall off; coating should be smooth, seamless plated spots, corrosion and other phenomena; unit should not be loose fasteners. <BR>(3) electrical installation of diesel generators should meet the circuit, the wires connecting the unit should be easy to fall off at the obvious signs. <BR>(4) diesel generator terminal should be grounded. <BR>(5) diesel generator complete signage content </P> <P>2. Insulation resistance and dielectric strength (1) Insulation resistance: each of the independent loop electrical circuit between the ground and the insulation resistance should be greater than 2M <BR>(2) Dielectric strength: Units of the independent electrical circuit between the ground and the circuit should be able to withstand the test voltage AC 1min, there should be no breakdown or flicker. </P> <P>Circuit voltage test voltage <BR><100V 750V <100V 750V <BR>≥100V 1440V ≥ 100V 1440V </P> <P>3. Phase sequence requirements. Diesel generator set control panel terminal phase order positive side from the control panel should be from left to right or from top to bottom order. </P> <P>4. Ready to run diesel generators to maintain the state requirements. Unit should have the heating device, to ensure that its emergency starts and fast loading of the oil temperature, cooling medium temperature of not lower than 15 ℃ </P> <P>5.Automatically starts the reliability of power supply and automatic shutdown inspection (1) then self-control or remote start command, the diesel power generation should be able to start automatically. <BR>(2) The unit automatically starts after the 3rd failed, failed to start signal to be sent; equipped with reserve units, the program should be able to start the system automatically starts the command passed to the other standby unit. <BR>(3) to issue commands to automatically start from the power to the load time should be no more than 3min <BR>(4) diesel generator starts automatically after the success of the first load amount shall be not less than 50％ of the calibration load. <BR>(5) self-control or remote access stop instruction, the unit should be able to automatically shut down; for the electricity grid and used with the standby unit, returned to normal when the power grid, diesel generators should be able to automatically switch or automatic shutdown, the shutdown delay shutdown mode time, the conditions should be consistent with the provisions of product technology. </P> <P>6, the success rate of start automatically. Automatic start of not less than 99％ success rate. </P> <P>7, no-load voltage setting range requirements.Unit load voltage setting range of not less than 95％ -105％ calibration voltage. </P> <P>8, automatic replenishment functional requirements. Unit should be able to automatically start charging the battery. </P> <P>9, automatic protection requirements. Unit should phase, short circuit (less than 250KW), over current (not more than 250KW), too fast, the water temperature high cylinder temperature, oil pressure protection. </P> <P>10, the line voltage sine wave distortion. In the no-load voltage calibration, calibration frequency, the line voltage sine wave distortion rate <5％. </P> <P>11, steady state voltage regulation rate ≤ 250KW> 250KW <BR>3％ 2％ 3％ 2％ </P> <P>12, the voltage transient adjustment rate ≤ 250KW> 250KW <BR>20％ 15％ 20％ 15％ </P> <P>13, voltage stabilization time ≤ 250KW> 250KW <BR>≤2s ≤1.5s ≤ 2s ≤ 1.5s </P> <P>14, the voltage wave ≤ 250kw> 250kw <BR>0.8％ 0.5％ 0.5％ 0.8％ </P> <P>15, the frequency steady-state regulation ≤ 250kw> 250kw <BR>3％ 3％ 3％ 3％ </P> <P>16, frequency transient regulation ≤ 250kw> 250kw <BR>9％ 9％ 9％ 9％ </P> <P>17, frequency stabilization time ≤ 250kw> 250kw <BR>5s ≤5s 5s ≤ 5s </P> <P>18, the frequency volatility ≤ 250kw> 250kw <BR>≤0.8％ ≤0.5％ ≤ 0.8％ ≤ 0.5％ </P> <P>19, three-phase asymmetric load voltage deviation under 25％ of diesel generator set in the three-phase symmetrical load, in any phase plus 25％ of the calibration phase power resistive load, the unit should be able to work, the maximum line voltage or the average minimum and three-wire voltage of 5％. </P> <P>20, noise from the engine and generator units at the noise pressure 1m average: <BR>≤250KW >250KW ≤ 250KW> 250KW <BR>≤102db(A) ≤108db(A) ≤ 102db (A) ≤ 108db (A) <BR>Noise level: <BR>Sleep <45db neighborhood noise during the day can not exceed 50 dB at night should be less than 45 (40) decibels work <65 db average person about the sound of 40 dB can be maintained under the normal reaction and attention, but in the 50 dB above the work environment, there will be a long time, hearing loss, emotional upset, or even cause the phenomenon of neurasthenia. <BR>Listening to music over 80 decibels of noise 80db children live in an environment, resulting in up to 50％ of deaf persons, the noise level below 80 decibels only in order to maintain long-term work will not be deaf for 40 years; at 100 decibels, only 60％ not deaf.If you have long lived in an environment above 80 decibels will cause emotional irritability, hearing loss. Noise is harmful to human central nervous system and can induce cardiovascular diseases, the noise environment in a strong feeding, gastrointestinal contraction of capillaries occurs, digestive secretion and gastrointestinal motility will be reduced, so that normal blood supply has been damaged. Noise will result in a strong abnormal pregnancy, children's mental retardation.Therefore, daily life, we should try to reduce noise sources and transmission. <BR>The following 85 decibels can cause hearing loss mild; <BR>85 dB -90 dB noise can cause deafness minority; <BR>90-100 decibels can cause a certain amount of noise-induced hearing loss; <BR>100 dB or more, will result in a significant number of noise-induced hearing loss, these are chronic noise-induced deafness. <BR>5 minutes more than 105 dB schizophrenia </P> <P>21、燃油消耗率。 21, the fuel consumption rate. 机组标定功率在120 Rated power of 120 unit <BR>22、柴油发电机消耗率。 22, diesel generator consumption. 机组标定功率>40KW，机组消耗率≤3.0G/KW.H Unit rated power> 40KW, unit consumption ≤ 3.0G/KW.H </P> <P>23、在标定工况下运行试验机组在所规定的工作条件下（GB2820中的4.2节），机组能以标定工况正常连续运行12h（其中包括过载10％运行1h），且柴油发电机组应无漏水和漏气现象。 23, conditions in the calibration run test unit at the required operating conditions (GB2820 in Section 4.2), the unit can run continuously calibrate the normal operating mode 12h (including 10％ overload operation 1h), and diesel generator sets should be No leaks and air leaks. </P> <P>24、遥控、遥信和遥测性能（1） 智能型机组 24, remote control, remote and telemetry performance (1) Intelligent Unit <BR>200KW以上的机组应为智能型，其监控内容和接口要求如下： 200KW or more units shall be intelligent, their monitoring content and interface requirements are as follows: <BR>①遥控：开/关机、紧急停车、切换主备用机组。 ① remote control: on / off, emergency stop, switch the main and backup units. <BR>②遥信：工作状态（运行/停机）、工作方式（自动/手动）、主要用机组，过压、欠压、过流、频率③遥测：三相输出电压、三相输出动电池电压、输出功率。 ② Remote Communication: Work status (run / stop), work (automatic / manual), the main use of units, over voltage, under voltage, over current, frequency ③ Telemetry: Three-phase output voltage, three-phase output dynamic battery voltage, output power. <BR>④接口：应具有通信接口（RS-232和RS-485/422）并能提供完整的通信协议。 ④ interface: should have a communication interface (RS-232 and RS-485/422) and can provide a complete communication protocol. </P> <P>（2）非智能型机组 (2) Non-intelligent unit <BR>200KW及以下的非智能型机组无遥控、遥信和遥测要求。 200KW and below, non-intelligence unit without remote control, remote and telemetry requirements. <BR>三、应急柴油发电机的选择 Third, the choice of the emergency diesel generators </P> <P>应急柴油发电机主要用于重要场所，在紧急情况或事故停电后瞬间停电，通过应急发电机组迅速恢复并延长一段供电时间。 Emergency diesel generator is mainly used for important place, in case of emergency or accident immediately after the power outage, emergency generators through the rapid recovery and extend the time period of power. 这类用电负荷称为一级负荷。 Electricity load such as a load. 对断电时间有严格要求的设备、仪表及计算机系统，除配备发电机外还应设电池或UPS供电。 Time, there are strict requirements on power equipment, instrumentation and computer systems, in addition to outside should be set with a generator or a UPS battery power. </P> <P>应急柴油发电机的工作有两个特点： The work of the emergency diesel generators have two characteristics: <BR>第1个特点是作应急用，连续工作的时间不长，一般只需要持续运行几小时（≤12H）； 1 characteristic is for emergency use, the continuous working time is not long, generally continuous operation only a few hours (≤ 12H); <BR>第2个特点是作备用，应急发电机组平时处于停机等待状态，只有当主用电源全部鼓障断电后，应急柴油发电机组才起动运行供给紧急用电负荷，当主用电源恢复正常后，随即切换停机。 Section 2 is characterized as a backup, emergency generator shut down normally in a wait state, and only when the main power supply after power failure all the drum barrier, before starting the emergency diesel generators supply emergency power load operation, when the main power supply is back to normal, then switch downtime. </P> <P>（1） 应急柴油发电机发电机容量的确定 (1) emergency diesel generators to determine generating capacity </P> <P>应急柴油发电机组的标定容量为经大气修正后的12h标定容量，其容量应能满足紧急电总计算负荷，并按发电机容量能满足一级负荷中单台最大容量电动机起动的要求进行校验。 Calibration of the emergency diesel generator capacity is modified by the atmospheric calibration 12h capacity, its capacity should be able to meet the emergency power load of the total calculated in accordance with the load generating capacity to meet a maximum capacity of a single motor starting requirements validation . 应急发电机一般选用三相交流同步发电机，其标定输出电压为400V Emergency generator is generally used in three-phase AC synchronous generator, its rated output voltage is 400V </P> <P>（2） 应急柴油发电机组台数的确定 (2) emergency diesel generator sets to determine the number of </P> <P>有多台发电机组备用时，一般只设置1台应急柴油发电机组，从可靠性考虑也可以选用2台机组并联进行供电。 When more than one standby generator set is generally only set one emergency diesel generator sets, you can choose from 2 to consider the reliability of generating units to supply power in parallel. 供应急用的发电机组台数一般不宜超过3台。 Taiwan urgently supply the number of generating units generally should not exceed 3 units. 当选用多台机组时，机组应尽量选用型号、容量相同，调压、调速特性相近的成套设备，所用燃油性质应一致，以便进行维修保养及共用备件。 Elected with more than one unit, the unit should try to use models, the same capacity, voltage, speed characteristics similar equipment, the nature of the fuel should be the same for maintenance and common spare parts. 当供应急用的发电机组有2台时，自起动装置应使2台机组能互为备用，即市电电源故障停电经过延时确认以后，发出自起动指令，如果第1台机组连续3次自起动失败，应发出报警信号并自动起动第2台柴油发电机。 When the supply of urgently generating units have 2, the self-starting device should enable the two units to each other backup, that is, after mains power failure, power outage delayed confirmation, issued since the start command, if 1 unit for 3 consecutive times since starting failure, should be an alarm and automatically start the first 2 sets of diesel generators. </P> <P>（3） 应急柴油发电机的选择 (3) the choice of the emergency diesel generators </P> <P>应急机组宜选用高速、增压、油耗低、同容量的柴油发电机组。 Emergency units should use high-speed, pressure, low fuel consumption, with the capacity of the diesel generator. 高速增压柴油机单机容量较大，占据空间小；柴油机选用配电子或液压调速装置，调速性能较好；发电机宜选用配无刷励磁或相复励装置的同步电机，进行较可靠，故障率低，维护检修较方便；当一级负荷中单台空调器容量或电动机容量较大时，宜选用三次谐波励磁的发电机组；机组装在附有减震器的共用底盘上；排烟管出口宜装设消声器，以减小噪声对周围环境的影响。 Stand-alone high-speed turbocharged diesel engine larger capacity, small footprint; diesel use with electronic or hydraulic adjustment device, the speed performance is better; generator should use with brushless excitation or phase compound excitation device synchronous motor, the more reliable, fault low, easy maintenance and overhaul Jiao; when a load in a single larger capacity air conditioner capacity or the motor, the better to use the third harmonic excitation generator; machine assembled in a shared chassis with a shock absorber; smoke the outlet should be installed muffler to reduce noise on the surrounding environment. </P> <P>（4） 应急柴油发电机组的控制 (4) the control of the emergency diesel generators </P> <P>应急发电机组的控制应具有快速自起动及自动投入装置。 Emergency generator set control should be fast from the start and automatic devices. 当主用电源故障断电后，应急机组应能快速自起动并恢复供电，一级负荷的允许断电时间从十几秒至几十秒，应根据具体情况确定。 When the main power supply after power failure, the emergency crew from the start and should be able to quickly restore power, a load of ten seconds to allow power-off time from tens of seconds, should be based on concrete conditions. 当重要工程的主用电源断电后，首先应以过3-5S的确定时间，以避开瞬时电压降低及市电网合闸或备用电源自动投入的时间，然后再发出起动应急发电机组的指令。 When important works of the Lord with the power off, the first ever 3-5S should be a definite time, to avoid the instantaneous voltage drop and power grid or backup power supply auto closing time, and then issued instructions start the emergency generator . 从指令发出、机组开始起动、升速到能带全负荷需要一段时间。 From the command issued, the unit began to start, acceleration to full load can take some time. 一般大、中型柴油机还需要预润滑及暖机过程，使紧急加载时的机油机油压力、机油温度、冷却水温度符合厂品技术条件的规定；预润滑及暖机过程可以根据不同情况预先进行。 Generally large and medium diesel engines need lubrication and warm pre-process, so that when the emergency load oil oil pressure, oil temperature, cooling water temperature, plant products meet the technical requirements of the regulations; pre-lubrication and warm-up process can be carried out according to different pre-conditions . 例如军事通信、大型宾馆的重要外事活动、公共建筑夜间进行大型群众活动、医院进行重要外科手术等的应急机组平时就应处于预润滑及暖机状态，以便随时快速起动，尽量缩短故障断电时间。 Such as military communications, the important foreign affairs activities of large hotels, public buildings, large-scale mass activities at night, the hospital for major surgery and other peacetime emergency unit should be in pre-lubricated and warm state, in order to keep fast start, try to reduce the power failure time . </P> <P>应急机组投入进行后，为了减少突加负荷时的机械及电流冲击，在满足供电要求的情况下，紧急负荷最好按时间间隔分级增加。 Emergency unit inputs, in order to reduce the sudden mechanical load and the current impact, to meet the power requirements of the situation, the emergency load is best to increase the interval grading. 根据国家标准和国家军用标准规定，自动化机组自起动成功后的首次允许加载量如下：对于标定功率不大于250KW者，首次允许加载量不小于50％标定负载；对于标定功率大于250KW者，按厂品技术条件规定。 According to national standards and national military standards, automation units for the first time since the start after the success of load capacity to allow the following: For those who rated power less than 250KW, the first time allow the amount of not less than 50％ of the load calibration load; for rated power greater than 250KW who, according to the provisions of plant products technological conditions. 如果瞬时电压降及过渡过程要求不严格时，一般机组突加或突卸的负荷量不宜超过机组标定容量的70％。 If the instantaneous voltage drop and not strict requirements of the transition process, the general unit sudden load or unload the calibration unit volume should not exceed 70％. </P> <P>四、常用柴油发电机组的选择 Fourth, the choice of commonly used diesel generator </P> <P>某些柴油发电机组在某段时间或经常需要长时间连续地进行，以作为用电负荷的常用供电电源，这类发电机组称为常用发电机组。 Some of the diesel generator at a certain time or continuously for a long time often required to serve as a common power supply electrical load, such as generators used generators. 常用发电机组可作为常用机组与备用机组。 Generators used as a common unit and standby unit. 远离大电网的乡镇、海岛、林场、矿山、油田等地区或工矿企业，为了供给当地居民生厂及生活用电，需要安装柴油发电机，这类发电机组平时应不间断地进行。 Away from the towns of large power grids, islands, forestry, mining, oil and other regions or industrial and mining enterprises, in order to supply local residents and students living power plant, you need to install diesel generators, these generators should be continuously carried out in peacetime. </P> <P>国防工程、通信枢纽、广播电台、微波接力站等重要设施，应设有备用柴油发电机组。 Defense engineering, communications hub, radio, microwave relay stations and other important facilities, should have backup diesel generators. 这类设施用电平时可由市电电力网供给。 Usually these facilities can be mains electricity supply grid. 但是，由于地震、台风、战争等其他自然灾害或人为因素，使市电网遭受破坏而停电以后，已设置的备用机组应迅速起动，并坚持长期不间断地进行，以保证对这些重要工程用电负荷的连续供电，这种备用发电机组也属于常用发电机组类型。 However, due to earthquakes, typhoons, war and other natural disasters or man-made factors, the city power grid and power destroyed after the backup unit has been set up to be quick start, and adhere to long-term continuous manner to ensure these important works Yongdian load continuous power supply, standby generators that belong to the type commonly used in generator sets. 常用发电机组持续工作时间长，负荷曲线变化较大，机组容量、台数、型式的选择及机组的进行控制方式与应急机组不同。 Common units continued to work long hours, the load curve larger capacity of the units, the number of units, type of selection and control units and emergency units in different ways. </P> <P>1. 常用柴油发电机组容量的确定 1. Used to determine the capacity of diesel generator sets </P> <P>按机组长期持续运行输出功率能满足全工程最大计算负荷选择，并应根据负荷的重要性确定发电机组备用机组容量。 Long-term continuous operation by the output power unit to meet the maximum calculated load-wide selection, and should be determined according to the importance of load capacity of generator spare unit. 柴油机持续进行的输出功率，一般为标定功率的0.9倍。 Continuous power output of diesel engines, usually 0.9 times the rated power. </P> <P>2. 常用柴油发电机组台数的确定 2. Used diesel generator sets to determine the number of </P> <P>常用柴油发电机组台数的设置通常为2台以上，以保证供电的连续性及适应用电负荷曲线的变化。 Number of units used diesel generator set is usually more than 2 units in order to ensure continuity of supply and meet the electricity load curves. 机组台数多，才可以根据用电负荷的变化确定投入发电机组的进行台数，使柴油机经常是在经济负荷下运行， 以减少燃油消耗率，降低发电成本。 Number of units and more units can only be determined according to changes in electricity load of the units into the number of generating units, the engine is often running in the economic load to reduce fuel consumption, reduce electricity costs. 柴油机的最佳经济运行状态是在标定功率的75％-90％之间。 The best economic engine running at rated power between 75％ -90％. 为保证供电的连续性，常用机组本身应考虑设置备用机组，当进行机组故障检修或停机检查时，使发电机组仍然能够满足对重要用电负荷不间断地持续供电。 To ensure continuity of supply, common unit itself should consider setting up standby unit when the unit or down to check when troubleshooting, the generator is still important to meet the electricity load for continuous uninterrupted power supply. </P> <P>3. 常用柴油发电机组转速的确定 3. Used to determine speed diesel generating sets </P> <P>为了减少磨损，增加机组的使用寿命，常用发电机组宜选用标定转速不大于1000r/min的中、低速机组， 其备用机组可选择中、高速机组。 In order to reduce wear and increase the service life of units, common units should use the rated speed of not more than 1000r/min, the low-speed unit, the standby unit can choose the high-speed unit. 同一电站的机组应选用同型号、同容量的机组，以便使用相同的备用零部件，方便维修与管理。 The unit should use the same power the same model, with the capacity of the unit, in order to use the same spare parts, easy maintenance and management. 负荷变化大的工程，也可以选用同系列不同容量的机组。 Load variation in the project, you can also use the same series in different capacity units. 发电机输出标定电压的确定与应急发电机组相同，一般为400V，个别用电量大，输电距离远的工程可选用高压发电机组。 Calibration voltage generator output and the emergency generator to determine the same, usually 400V, individual power capacity, transmission distance can be used high-pressure engineering units. </P> <P>4. 常用柴油发电机组的控制 4. Common control of diesel generating sets </P> <P>常用机组一般应考虑能够并联进行，以简化配电主接线，使机组起动、停机轮换运行时，通过并车、转移负荷、切换机组而不致中断供电。 Common units should generally be considered to be in parallel to simplify the distribution main connection, and the unit start, stop rotation of running through and car, transfer the load, switching power supply unit without interruption. 机组应安装有机组的测量及控制装置，机组的调速及励磁调节装置应适用鱼并联进行的要求。 Unit of measurement units should be installed and the control devices, speed control and excitation control unit device should be applied in parallel to the requirements of the fish. 对重要负荷供电的备用发电机组，宜选用自动化柴油发电机组当外电源故障断电后，能够迅速自动起动，恢复对重要负荷的供电。 Significant load on the generator set standby power supply, automatic diesel generator sets should be selected when the external power failure after power failure, can quickly start automatically and restore power supply to important loads. 柴油机运行时机房噪声很大，自动化机组便于改造为隔室操作、自动监控的发电机组。 Noisy engine room operation, automation unit compartment to facilitate transformation of operation, automatic monitoring of the generating units. 当发电机组正常进行时，操作人员不必进入柴油机房，在控制室便可对柴油发电机组进行监控。 When the generator during normal operation does not have to enter the engine room, in the control room can monitor the diesel generator. </P> <P>五、柴油发电机组的订货要求 Fifth, the order requires diesel generator </P> <P>在作好上述各项选择后、柴油发电机组的订货一般应标明以下内容： In the well of the above options, the diesel generator set shall be marked with the following general order: <BR>（1） 机组的型号、额定功率、额定频率、额定电压、额定电流、相数、功率因素和接线方式等。 (1) unit of the type, rated power, rated frequency, rated voltage, rated current, phase, power factor and connection methods. <BR>（2） 对机组自动化功能和性能的要求。 (2) on the unit automation and performance requirements. <BR>（3） 对柴油机，发电机和控制屏的结构、性能、安装尺寸的要求。 (3) of the diesel engine, generator and control panel of the structure, performance, installation size requirements. <BR>（4） 对机组的并联运行要求：同时购买多台机组，是否要求并联进行，如需要并联进行，还应提出是否需要提供并行所需的测量仪器和装置。 (4) The parallel operation of the unit requirements: purchase more units, is required in parallel to, if necessary, in parallel to, but also suggest the need to provide the necessary parallel measuring instruments and devices. <BR>（5） 对机组的附属设备要求：国内许多厂商把冷却水箱（散热器）、燃油箱、排气消声器、蓄电池等也算作附属设备，订货时容许提出安装的有些要求。 (5), a subsidiary of the unit equipment requirements: Domestic many manufacturers cooling water tank (radiator), fuel tank, exhaust muffler, batteries and other ancillary equipment are also counted when ordering to allow installation of some proposed requirements. </P> <P> </P> | |
| 来源：中顺发电机组 时间：2017/3/16 |  |
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